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The Monster in the Mirror
Arundhati Roy
The Mumbai attacks have been dubbed 'India's
9/11', and there are calls for a 9/11-style response, including an attack on
Pakistan. Instead, the country must fight terrorism with justice, or face civil
war.
We've forfeited the rights to our own tragedies. As the
carnage in Mumbai raged on, day after horrible day, our 24-hour news channels
informed us that we were watching "India's 9/11". Like actors in a Bollywood
rip-off of an old Hollywood film, we're expected to play our parts and say our
lines, even though we know it's all been said and done before.
As tension in the region builds, US Senator John McCain has
warned Pakistan that if it didn't act fast to arrest the "Bad Guys" he had
personal information that India would launch air strikes on "terrorist camps" in
Pakistan and that Washington could do nothing because Mumbai was India's 9/11.
But November isn't September, 2008 isn't 2001, Pakistan isn't
Afghanistan and India isn't America. So perhaps we should reclaim our tragedy
and pick through the debris with our own brains and our own broken hearts so
that we can arrive at our own conclusions.
It's odd how in the last week of November thousands of people
in Kashmir supervised by thousands of Indian troops lined up to cast their vote,
while the richest quarters of India's richest city ended up looking like
war-torn Kupwara – one of Kashmir's most ravaged districts.
The Mumbai attacks are only the most recent of a spate of
terrorist attacks on Indian towns and cities this year. Ahmedabad, Bangalore,
Delhi, Guwahati, Jaipur and Malegaon have all seen serial bomb blasts in which
hundreds of ordinary people have been killed and wounded. If the police are
right about the people they have arrested as suspects, both Hindu and Muslim,
all Indian nationals, it obviously indicates that something's going very badly
wrong in this country.
If you were watching television you may not have heard that
ordinary people too died in Mumbai. They were mowed down in a busy railway
station and a public hospital. The terrorists did not distinguish between poor
and rich. They killed both with equal cold-bloodedness. The Indian media,
however, was transfixed by the rising tide of horror that breached the
glittering barricades of India Shining and spread its stench in the marbled
lobbies and crystal ballrooms of two incredibly luxurious hotels and a small
Jewish centre.
We're told one of these hotels is an icon of the city of
Mumbai. That's absolutely true. It's an icon of the easy, obscene injustice that
ordinary Indians endure every day. On a day when the newspapers were full of
moving obituaries by beautiful people about the hotel rooms they had stayed in,
the gourmet restaurants they loved (ironically one was called Kandahar), and the
staff who served them, a small box on the top left-hand corner in the inner
pages of a national newspaper (sponsored by a pizza company I think) said "Hungry, kya?" (Hungry eh?). It then, with the best of intentions I'm sure,
informed its readers that on the international hunger index, India ranked below
Sudan and Somalia. But of course this isn't that war. That one's still
being fought in the Dalit bastis of our villages, on the banks of the Narmada
and the Koel Karo rivers; in the rubber estate in Chengara; in the villages of
Nandigram, Singur, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, Lalgarh in West Bengal and
the slums and shantytowns of our gigantic cities.
That war isn't on TV. Yet. So maybe, like everyone else, we
should deal with the one that is.
There is a fierce, unforgiving fault-line that runs through
the contemporary discourse on terrorism. On one side (let's call it Side A) are
those who see terrorism, especially "Islamist" terrorism, as a hateful, insane
scourge that spins on its own axis, in its own orbit and has nothing to do with
the world around it, nothing to do with history, geography or economics.
Therefore, Side A says, to try and place it in a political context, or even try
to understand it, amounts to justifying it and is a crime in itself.
Side B believes that though nothing can ever excuse or justify
terrorism, it exists in a particular time, place and political context, and to
refuse to see that will only aggravate the problem and put more and more people
in harm's way. Which is a crime in itself.
The sayings of Hafiz Saeed, who founded the Lashkar-e-Taiba
(Army of the Pure) in 1990 and who belongs to the hardline Salafi tradition of
Islam, certainly bolsters the case of Side A. Hafiz Saeed approves of suicide
bombing, hates Jews, Shias and Democracy and believes that jihad should be waged
until Islam, his Islam, rules the world. Among the things he said are:
"There cannot be any peace while India remains intact. Cut them, cut them so
much that they kneel before you and ask for mercy."
And: "India has shown us this path. We would like to give
India a tit-for-tat response and reciprocate in the same way by killing the
Hindus, just like it is killing the Muslims in Kashmir."
But where would Side A accommodate the sayings of Babu
Bajrangi of Ahmedabad, India, who sees himself as a democrat, not a terrorist?
He was one of the major lynchpins of the 2002 Gujarat genocide and has said (on
camera): "We didn't spare a single Muslim shop, we set everything on fire … we
hacked, burned, set on fire … we believe in setting them on fire because these
bastards don't want to be cremated, they're afraid of it … I have just one last
wish … let me be sentenced to death … I don't care if I'm hanged ... just give
me two days before my hanging and I will go and have a field day in Juhapura
where seven or eight lakhs [seven or eight hundred thousand] of these people
stay ... I will finish them off … let a few more of them die ... at least 25,000
to 50,000 should die."
And where, in Side A's scheme of things, would we place the
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh bible, We, or, Our Nationhood Defined by MS
Golwalkar, who became head of the RSS in 1944. It says: "Ever since that evil
day, when Moslems first landed in Hindustan, right up to the present moment, the
Hindu Nation has been gallantly fighting on to take on these despoilers. The
Race Spirit has been awakening."
Or: "To keep up the purity of its race and culture, Germany shocked the world by
her purging the country of the Semitic races – the Jews. Race pride at its
highest has been manifested here ... a good lesson for us in Hindustan to learn
and profit by."
(Of course Muslims are not the only people in the gun sights
of the Hindu right. Dalits have been consistently targeted. Recently in
Kandhamal in Orissa, Christians were the target of two and a half months of
violence which left more than 40 dead. Forty thousand people have been driven
from their homes, half of who now live in refugee camps.)
All these years Hafiz Saeed has lived the life of a
respectable man in Lahore as the head of the Jamaat-ud Daawa, which many believe
is a front organization for the Lashkar-e-Taiba. He continues to recruit young
boys for his own bigoted jehad with his twisted, fiery sermons. On December 11
the UN imposed sanctions on the Jammat-ud-Daawa. The Pakistani government
succumbed to international pressure and put Hafiz Saeed under house arrest. Babu
Bajrangi, however, is out on bail and lives the life of a respectable man in
Gujarat. A couple of years after the genocide he left the VHP to join the Shiv
Sena. Narendra Modi, Bajrangi's former mentor, is still the chief minister of
Gujarat. So the man who presided over the Gujarat genocide was re-elected twice,
and is deeply respected by India's biggest corporate houses, Reliance and Tata.
Suhel Seth, a TV impresario and corporate spokesperson,
recently said: "Modi is God." The policemen who supervised and sometimes even
assisted the rampaging Hindu mobs in Gujarat have been rewarded and promoted.
The RSS has 45,000 branches, its own range of charities and 7 million volunteers
preaching its doctrine of hate across India. They include Narendra Modi, but
also former prime minister AB Vajpayee, current leader of the opposition LK
Advani, and a host of other senior politicians, bureaucrats and police and
intelligence officers.
If that's not enough to complicate our picture of secular
democracy, we should place on record that there are plenty of Muslim
organisations within India preaching their own narrow bigotry.
So, on balance, if I had to choose between Side A and Side B,
I'd pick Side B. We need context. Always.
In this nuclear subcontinent that context is partition. The
Radcliffe Line, which separated India and Pakistan and tore through states,
districts, villages, fields, communities, water systems, homes and families, was
drawn virtually overnight. It was Britain's final, parting kick to us. Partition
triggered the massacre of more than a million people and the largest migration
of a human population in contemporary history. Eight million people, Hindus
fleeing the new Pakistan, Muslims fleeing the new kind of India left
their homes with nothing but the clothes on their backs.
Each of those people carries and passes down a story of
unimaginable pain, hate, horror but yearning too. That wound, those torn but
still unsevered muscles, that blood and those splintered bones still lock us
together in a close embrace of hatred, terrifying familiarity but also love. It
has left Kashmir trapped in a nightmare from which it can't seem to emerge, a
nightmare that has claimed more than 60,000 lives. Pakistan, the Land of the
Pure, became an Islamic Republic, and then, very quickly a corrupt, violent
military state, openly intolerant of other faiths. India on the other hand
declared herself an inclusive, secular democracy. It was a magnificent
undertaking, but Babu Bajrangi's predecessors had been hard at work since the
1920s, dripping poison into India's bloodstream, undermining that idea of India
even before it was born.
By 1990 they were ready to make a bid for power. In 1992 Hindu
mobs exhorted by LK Advani stormed the Babri Masjid and demolished it. By 1998
the BJP was in power at the centre. The US war on terror put the wind in their
sails. It allowed them to do exactly as they pleased, even to commit genocide
and then present their fascism as a legitimate form of chaotic democracy. This
happened at a time when India had opened its huge market to international
finance and it was in the interests of international corporations and the media
houses they owned to project it as a country that could do no wrong. That gave
Hindu nationalists all the impetus and the impunity they needed.
This, then, is the larger historical context of terrorism in
the subcontinent and of the Mumbai attacks. It shouldn't surprise us that Hafiz
Saeed of the Lashkar-e-Taiba is from Shimla (India) and LK Advani of the
Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh is from Sindh (Pakistan).
In much the same way as it did after the 2001 parliament
attack, the 2002 burning of the Sabarmati Express and the 2007 bombing of the
Samjhauta Express, the government of India announced that it has "incontrovertible"
evidence that the Lashkar-e-Taiba backed by Pakistan's ISI was behind the Mumbai
strikes. The Lashkar has denied involvement, but remains the prime accused.
According to the police and intelligence agencies the Lashkar operates in India
through an organisation called the Indian Mujahideen. Two Indian nationals,
Sheikh Mukhtar Ahmed, a Special Police Officer working for the Jammu and Kashmir
police, and Tausif Rehman, a resident of Kolkata in West Bengal, have been
arrested in connection with the Mumbai attacks.
So already the neat accusation against Pakistan is getting a
little messy. Almost always, when these stories unspool, they reveal a
complicated global network of foot soldiers, trainers, recruiters, middlemen and
undercover intelligence and counter-intelligence operatives working not just on
both sides of the India-Pakistan border, but in several countries simultaneously.
In today's world, trying to pin down the provenance of a terrorist strike and
isolate it within the borders of a single nation state is very much like trying
to pin down the provenance of corporate money. It's almost impossible.
In circumstances like these, air strikes to "take out"
terrorist camps may take out the camps, but certainly will not "take out" the
terrorists. Neither will war. (Also, in our bid for the moral high ground, let's
try not to forget that the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, the LTTE of
neighbouring Sri Lanka, one of the world's most deadly terrorist groups, were
trained by the Indian army.)
Thanks largely to the part it was forced to play as America's
ally first in its war in support of the Afghan Islamists and then in
its war against them, Pakistan, whose territory is reeling under these
contradictions, is careening towards civil war. As recruiting agents for
America's jihad against the Soviet Union, it was the job of the Pakistan army
and the ISI to nurture and channel funds to Islamic fundamentalist organizations.
Having wired up these Frankensteins and released them into the world, the US
expected it could rein them in like pet mastiffs whenever it wanted to.
Certainly it did not expect them to come calling in heart of
the Homeland on September 11. So once again, Afghanistan had to be violently
remade. Now the debris of a re-ravaged Afghanistan has washed up on Pakistan's
borders. Nobody, least of all the Pakistan government, denies that it is
presiding over a country that is threatening to implode. The terrorist training
camps, the fire-breathing mullahs and the maniacs who believe that Islam will,
or should, rule the world is mostly the detritus of two Afghan wars. Their ire
rains down on the Pakistan government and Pakistani civilians as much, if not
more than it does on India.
If at this point India decides to go to war perhaps the
descent of the whole region into chaos will be complete. The debris of a
bankrupt, destroyed Pakistan will wash up on India's shores, endangering us as
never before. If Pakistan collapses, we can look forward to having millions of "non-state
actors" with an arsenal of nuclear weapons at their disposal as neighbours. It's
hard to understand why those who steer India's ship are so keen to replicate
Pakistan's mistakes and call damnation upon this country by inviting
the United States to further meddle clumsily and dangerously in our extremely
complicated affairs. A superpower never has allies. It only has agents.
On the plus side, the advantage of going to war is that it's
the best way for India to avoid facing up to the serious trouble building on our
home front. The Mumbai attacks were broadcast live (and exclusive!) on all or
most of our 67 24-hour news channels and god knows how many international ones.
TV anchors in their studios and journalists at "ground zero" kept up an endless
stream of excited commentary. Over three days and three nights we watched in
disbelief as a small group of very young men armed with guns and gadgets exposed
the powerlessness of the police, the elite National Security Guard and the
marine commandos of this supposedly mighty, nuclear-powered nation.
While they did this they indiscriminately massacred unarmed
people, in railway stations, hospitals and luxury hotels, unmindful of their
class, caste, religion or nationality. (Part of the helplessness of the security
forces had to do with having to worry about hostages. In other situations, in
Kashmir for example, their tactics are not so sensitive. Whole buildings are
blown up. Human shields are used. The U.S and Israeli armies don't hesitate to
send cruise missiles into buildings and drop daisy cutters on wedding parties in
Palestine, Iraq and Afghanistan.) But this was different. And it was on TV.
The boy-terrorists' nonchalant willingness to kill – and be
killed – mesmerised their international audience. They delivered something
different from the usual diet of suicide bombings and missile attacks that
people have grown inured to on the news. Here was something new. Die Hard 25.
The gruesome performance went on and on. TV ratings soared. Ask any television
magnate or corporate advertiser who measures broadcast time in seconds, not
minutes, what that's worth.
Eventually the killers died and died hard, all but one. (Perhaps,
in the chaos, some escaped. We may never know.) Throughout the standoff the
terrorists made no demands and expressed no desire to negotiate. Their purpose
was to kill people and inflict as much damage as they could before they were
killed themselves. They left us completely bewildered. When we say "nothing can
justify terrorism", what most of us mean is that nothing can justify the taking
of human life. We say this because we respect life, because we think it's
precious. So what are we to make of those who care nothing for life, not even
their own? The truth is that we have no idea what to make of them, because we
can sense that even before they've died, they've journeyed to another world
where we cannot reach them.
One TV channel (India TV) broadcast a phone conversation with
one of the attackers, who called himself Imran Babar. I cannot vouch for the
veracity of the conversation, but the things he talked about were the things
contained in the "terror emails" that were sent out before several other bomb
attacks in India. Things we don't want to talk about any more: the demolition of
the Babri Masjid in 1992, the genocidal slaughter of Muslims in Gujarat in 2002,
the brutal repression in Kashmir. "You're surrounded," the anchor told him. "You
are definitely going to die. Why don't you surrender?"
"We die every day," he replied in a strange, mechanical way. "It's
better to live one day as a lion and then die this way." He didn't seem to want
to change the world. He just seemed to want to take it down with him.
If the men were indeed members of the Lashkar-e-Taiba, why
didn't it matter to them that a large number of their victims were Muslim, or
that their action was likely to result in a severe backlash against the Muslim
community in India whose rights they claim to be fighting for? Terrorism is a
heartless ideology, and like most ideologies that have their eye on the Big
Picture, individuals don't figure in their calculations except as collateral
damage. It has always been a part of and often even the aim of
terrorist strategy to exacerbate a bad situation in order to expose hidden
faultlines. The blood of "martyrs" irrigates terrorism. Hindu terrorists need
dead Hindus, Communist terrorists need dead proletarians, Islamist terrorists
need dead Muslims. The dead become the demonstration, the proof of victimhood,
which is central to the project. A single act of terrorism is not in itself
meant to achieve military victory; at best it is meant to be a catalyst that
triggers something else, something much larger than itself, a tectonic shift, a
realignment. The act itself is theatre, spectacle and symbolism, and today, the
stage on which it pirouettes and performs its acts of bestiality is Live TV.
Even as the attack was being condemned by TV anchors, the effectiveness of the
terror strikes were being magnified a thousandfold by TV broadcasts.
Through the endless hours of analysis and the endless op-ed
essays, in India at least there has been very little mention of the elephants in
the room: Kashmir, Gujarat and the demolition of the Babri Masjid. Instead we
had retired diplomats and strategic experts debate the pros and cons of a war
against Pakistan. We had the rich threatening not to pay their taxes unless
their security was guaranteed (is it alright for the poor to remain unprotected?).
We had people suggest that the government step down and each state in India be
handed over to a separate corporation. We had the death of former prime minster
VP Singh, the hero of Dalits and lower castes and villain of Upper caste Hindus
pass without a mention.
We had Suketu Mehta, author of Maximum City and co-writer of
the Bollywood film Mission Kashmir, give us his version of George Bush's famous
"Why they hate us" speech. His analysis of why religious bigots, both Hindu and
Muslim hate Mumbai: "Perhaps because Mumbai stands for lucre, profane dreams and
an indiscriminate openness." His prescription: "The best answer to the
terrorists is to dream bigger, make even more money, and visit Mumbai more than
ever." Didn't George Bush ask Americans to go out and shop after 9/11? Ah yes.
9/11, the day we can't seem to get away from.
Though one chapter of horror in Mumbai has ended, another
might have just begun. Day after day, a powerful, vociferous section of the
Indian elite, goaded by marauding TV anchors who make Fox News look almost
radical and leftwing, have taken to mindlessly attacking politicians, all
politicians, glorifying the police and the army and virtually asking for a
police state. It isn't surprising that those who have grown plump on the
pickings of democracy (such as it is) should now be calling for a police state.
The era of "pickings" is long gone. We're now in the era of Grabbing by Force,
and democracy has a terrible habit of getting in the way.
Dangerous, stupid television flashcards like the Police are
Good Politicians are Bad/Chief Executives are Good Chief Ministers are Bad/Army
is Good Government is Bad/ India is Good Pakistan is Bad are being bandied about
by TV channels that have already whipped their viewers into a state of almost
uncontrollable hysteria.
Tragically, this regression into intellectual infancy comes at
a time when people in India were beginning to see that in the business of
terrorism, victims and perpetrators sometimes exchange roles. It's an
understanding that the people of Kashmir, given their dreadful experiences of
the last 20 years, have honed to an exquisite art. On the mainland we're still
learning. (If Kashmir won't willingly integrate into India, it's beginning to
look as though India will integrate/disintegrate into Kashmir.)
It was after the 2001 parliament attack that the first serious
questions began to be raised. A campaign by a group of lawyers and activists
exposed how innocent people had been framed by the police and the press, how
evidence was fabricated, how witnesses lied, how due process had been criminally
violated at every stage of the investigation. Eventually the courts acquitted
two out of the four accused, including SAR Geelani, the man whom the police
claimed was the mastermind of the operation. A third, Showkat Guru, was
acquitted of all the charges brought against him but was then convicted for a
fresh, comparatively minor offence. The supreme court upheld the death sentence
of another of the accused, Mohammad Afzal. In its judgment the court
acknowledged there was no proof that Mohammed Afzal belonged to any terrorist
group, but went on to say, quite shockingly, "The collective conscience of the
society will only be satisfied if capital punishment is awarded to the offender."
Even today we don't really know who the terrorists that attacked the Indian
parliament were and who they worked for.
More recently, on September 19 this year, we had the
controversial "encounter" at Batla House in Jamia Nagar, Delhi, where the
Special Cell of the Delhi police gunned down two Muslim students in their rented
flat under seriously questionable circumstances, claiming that they were
responsible for serial bombings in Delhi, Jaipur and Ahmedabad in 2008. An
assistant commissioner of Police, Mohan Chand Sharma, who played a key role in
the parliament attack investigation, lost his life as well. He was one of
India's many "encounter specialists" known and rewarded for having summarily
executed several "terrorists". There was an outcry against the Special Cell from
a spectrum of people, ranging from eyewitnesses in the local community to senior
Congress Party leaders, students, journalists, lawyers, academics and activists
all of whom demanded a judicial inquiry into the incident. In response, the BJP
and LK Advani lauded Mohan Chand Sharma as a "Braveheart" and launched a
concerted campaign in which they targeted those who had dared to question the
integrity of the police, saying it was "suicidal" and calling them
"anti-national". Of course there has been no inquiry.
Only days after the Batla House event, another story about
"terrorists" surfaced in the news. In a report submitted to a sessions court,
the CBI said that a team from Delhi's Special Cell (the same team that led the
Batla House encounter, including Mohan Chand Sharma) had abducted two innocent
men, Irshad Ali and Moarif Qamar, in December 2005, planted 2kg of RDX and two
pistols on them and then arrested them as "terrorists" who belonged to Al Badr (which
operates out of Kashmir). Ali and Qamar who have spent years in jail, are only
two examples out of hundreds of Muslims who have been similarly jailed, tortured
and even killed on false charges.
This pattern changed in October 2008 when Maharashtra's
Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) that was investigating the September 2008 Malegaon
blasts arrested a Hindu preacher Sadhvi Pragya, a self-styled God man Swami
Dayanand Pande and Lt Col Purohit, a serving officer of the Indian Army. All the
arrested belong to Hindu Nationalist organizations including a Hindu Supremacist
group called Abhinav Bharat. The Shiv Sena, the BJP and the RSS condemned the
Maharashtra ATS, and vilified its chief, Hemant Karkare, claiming he was part of
a political conspiracy and declaring that "Hindus could not be terrorists". LK
Advani changed his mind about his policy on the police and made rabble rousing
speeches to huge gatherings in which he denounced the ATS for daring to cast
aspersions on holy men and women.
On the November 25 newspapers reported that the ATS was
investigating the high profile VHP Chief Pravin Togadia's possible role in the
Malegaon blasts. The next day, in an extraordinary twist of fate, Hemant Karkare
was killed in the Mumbai Attacks. The chances are that the new chief whoever he
is, will find it hard to withstand the political pressure that is bound to be
brought on him over the Malegaon investigation.
While the Sangh Parivar does not seem to have come to a final
decision over whether or not it is anti-national and suicidal to question the
police, Arnab Goswami, anchorperson of Times Now television, has stepped up to
the plate. He has taken to naming, demonising and openly heckling people who
have dared to question the integrity of the police and armed forces. My name and
the name of the well-known lawyer Prashant Bhushan have come up several times.
At one point, while interviewing a former police officer, Arnab Goswami turned
to camera: "Arundhati Roy
and Prashant Bhushan," he said, "I hope you are watching this. We think you are
disgusting." For a TV anchor to do this in an atmosphere as charged and as
frenzied as the one that prevails today, amounts to incitement as well as threat,
and would probably in different circumstances have cost a journalist his or her
job.
So according to a man aspiring to be the next prime minister
of India, and another who is the public face of a mainstream TV channel,
citizens have no right to raise questions about the police. This in a country
with a shadowy history of suspicious terror attacks, murky investigations, and
fake "encounters". This in a country that boasts of the highest number of
custodial deaths in the world and yet refuses to ratify the International
Covenant on Torture. A country where the ones who make it to torture chambers
are the lucky ones because at least they've escaped being "encountered" by our
Encounter Specialists. A country where the line between the Underworld and the
Encounter Specialists virtually does not exist.
How should those of us whose hearts have been sickened by the
knowledge of all of this view the Mumbai attacks, and what are we to do about
them? There are those who point out that US strategy has been successful
inasmuch as the United States has not suffered a major attack on its home ground
since 9/11. However, some would say that what America is suffering now is far
worse. If the idea behind the 9/11 terror attacks was to goad America into
showing its true colors, what greater success could the terrorists have asked
for? The US army is bogged down in two unwinnable wars, which have made the
United States the most hated country in the world. Those wars have contributed
greatly to the unraveling of the American economy and who knows, perhaps
eventually the American empire. (Could it be that battered, bombed Afghanistan,
the graveyard of the Soviet Union, will be the undoing of this one too?)
Hundreds of thousands people including thousands of American soldiers have lost
their lives in Iraq and Afghanistan. The frequency of terrorist strikes on U.S
allies/agents (including India) and U.S interests in the rest of the world has
increased dramatically since 9/11. George Bush, the man who led the US response
to 9/11 is a despised figure not just internationally, but also by his own
people. Who can possibly claim that the United States is winning the war on
terror?
Homeland Security has cost the US government billions of
dollars. Few countries, certainly not India, can afford that sort of price tag.
But even if we could, the fact is that this vast homeland of ours cannot
be secured or policed in the way the United States has been. It's not that kind
of homeland. We have a hostile nuclear weapons state that is slowly spinning out
of control as a neighbour, we have a military occupation in Kashmir and a
shamefully persecuted, impoverished minority of more than 150 million Muslims
who are being targeted as a community and pushed to the wall, whose young see no
justice on the horizon, and who, were they to totally lose hope and radicalise,
end up as a threat not just to India, but to the whole world. If ten men can
hold off the NSG commandos, and the police for three days, and if it takes half
a million soldiers to hold down the Kashmir valley, do the math. What kind of
Homeland Security can secure India?
Nor for that matter will any other quick fix. Anti-terrorism
laws are not meant for terrorists; they're for people that governments don't
like. That's why they have a conviction rate of less than 2%. They're just a
means of putting inconvenient people away without bail for a long time and
eventually letting them go. Terrorists like those who attacked Mumbai are hardly
likely to be deterred by the prospect of being refused bail or being sentenced
to death. It's what they want.
What we're experiencing now is blowback, the cumulative result
of decades of quick fixes and dirty deeds. The carpet's squelching under our
feet.
The only way to contain (it would be naïve to say end)
terrorism is to look at the monster in the mirror. We're standing at a fork in
the road. One sign says Justice, the other Civil War. There's no third sign and
there's no going back. Choose.
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